Vaporizer



2 Sheets-Sheet 1 alike away G. A. EYNON Dec. 17, 1929.,

VAPORIZER Filed NOV. 22, 1926 G. A. EYNON Dec. 17, 1929 VAPORIZER Filed Nov. 22, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Dec. 17, 1929 UNITED STATES GEORGE A. EYNON", F CLEVELAND, OHIO VAPORIZER Application filed November 22, 1926. Serial No. 149,903.

This invention relates to carburetors or Vaporizers for internal combustion engines and the main object of the invention is to provide an improved carburetor which will insure the delivery of a proper quantity of combustible mixture to the point of explosion of the engine, irrespective of the temperature and pressure of the atmosphere.

A further object of the invention is to pro- 0 vide a carburetor for mixing the volatile liquid and primary air in such a manner as to first produce a vapor which is non-combustible and then to convey the mixture so formed across a heated zone and deliver the same into a mixing chamber where secondary air is admitted to form a combustible mixture, the size of the secondary air inlet being so proportioned with respect to the primary air inlet as to introduce into themixing chamber a quantity of secondary air greatly in excess of the quantity of primary air.

A further object of the invention is to provide a carburetor of the class described provided with a hot spot and a plurality of fuel passageways leading across said hot spot and means for varying the effective area of said hot spot.

A further object of the invention is to pro vide a carburetor which may be adjusted to deliver the proper combustible mixture under all conditions of temperature and pressure without materially changing the adjustment of the needle valve.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a carburetor which is economical in construction, readily assembled and disassembled, and which is well adapted for quantity production at comparatively low cost.

Further and more limited objects of the invention will appear as the description proceeds and by reference to the accompanying drawing in which Fig. 1 is a view in side elevation of my improved carburetor secured to an internal combustion engine; Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the same; Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a fragmentary horizontal sectional view on the line Jr- 1 of Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view showing the valve and its associated parts; Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view on the line 66 of Fig. 1; and Fig. 7 is a View in front elevation of a modified form of my invention.

Referring now to the drawings, the reference character 1 designates the exhaust manifold through which the exhaust gases from the engine are discharged and 2 designates the inlet manifold by means of which the combustible mixture is delivered to the engine cylinders. The front side ofthe inlet manifold 2 near its central portion has a relatively thick wall as indicated at 3 in Fig. 2 and is provided with a depending portion 4, the purpose of which will hereinafter appear. The wall 3 is provided with a pair of cored passageways or bores 5 and 6 which are separated by a partition 7. lVithin the bore 5 is a fin or balile 8 and within the bore '6 is a similar fin or baflie 9, the purpose of which will also hereinafter appear. Secured over the central portion of the exhaust manifold is a cover plate or block 10 which is shaped as shown in section in Fig. 2.

The plate 10 is provided with apertured projections 11, 12, 13 and 14: through which extend bolts 15, for securing the same in place. The plate or block 10 is somewhat thickened at its lower portion as shown in Fig. 2 and extending longitudinally thereof is a bore 16 and communicating with the bore 16 and at a slight angle thereto is a second bore 17 which serves as an inlet for primary air. The lower end of the bore 16 is closed by a re movable plug 18. Secured to the lower end of block 10 is a cup 19 which constitutes a float chamber for the volatile liquid. The cup 19 is secured to the block by means of a screw plug 20, and a drain valve 21 may be provided by means of which the float chamber may be drained. A small bore 22 in the block 10 constitutes an air vent for the float chamber 19. On the opposite side of the block 10 from the bore 22 is a bore 23 which is interiorly threaded at its outer end to receive a fuel sup ly pipe (not shown).

The bore 23 leads to the interior of the cup 19 and positioned within the bore is a valve 24 which is operated by the float 25 to cut off the supply of fuel to the float chamber. A bore 16 connects the interior of the float chamber with the bore 16. The bore 16 communicates at its upper end with a horizontally extending bore 26 and communicating with the bore 26 are a pair of vertically extending bores or passageways 27 and 28 which communicate at their upper ends with the bores 5 and 6 respectively Rotatably mountedin the bore'26 is a valve 29 having a stem 30 extending through the front of the plate and provided with an operating handle 31 having a pair of projections 32 and 3.3 which strike against a stop 34 provided on the plate 10 to limit the movement of the valve in either direction. The upper end of the plate 10 is provided with an enlarged portion 35 shaped in section as shown in Fig. 2 and extending through this portion is a bore 36. The upper end of the enlarged portion 35 is shaped to provide a neck 37 which is exteriorly threaded as shown at 37, the purpose of which will hereinafter rre The plate or block 10 is secured over the front of the exhaust manifold by' the bolts 15, as hereinbefore described and when secured in place the bores 27 and 28 communicate with the bores 5 and 6 respectively and the bore 36 is of suflicient length to connect with theupp'er ends of the bores 5 and 6.

Theinlet manifold 2 is provided with an opening 38 and secured over the opening 38 is a tube 39 having apertured flanges 40 and 41 through which extend bolts 42 and 42 for securing the same in place. A throttle valve 43 is disposed within the mixing chamber 39 formed by the tube 39 and a choke valve 44 is disposed within the tube 42 adjacent the outer end thereof. lVithin the tube 39 and on the inlet side of the choke valve 44 is a pivotally mounted valve 45 which is opened by the suction in the intake manifold 2. The tube v 39 is also provided with an apertured boss 46 through which extends'an inlet tube 47. The lower end of the tube 47 is secured to the neck 37 formed on the plate 10, by means of a union 48. The valve 45 is mounted off center and disposed between the choke valve 44 and the inlet pipe 47. Between the delivery end of the inlet pipe 47 and the valve 4-5 there is a restricted passageway 45 which has the effect of increasing the suction through the bore 16 high engine speed and the valve 45 functions 7 to maintain the proper suctionin bore 16 at low engine speed.

Operation Volatile fuel, .suc h'as gasoline is delivered into the cup 19 through'the bore 23, the supply of fuel being controlled by the float operated valve the floatchamber being normally filled with gasoline. The gasolineiis delivered into bore 16 through the bore or passageway16"'which commnnicates with the bore 16 above the point where the primary air inlet 17 communicates with the bore 16. The rate of flow of fuel into the bore 16 is controlled by a needle valve 18 in a manner well known in the art. The suction created by the engine draws in a charge of fuel through bore 16 into the lower end of the bore 16 where it is mixed with a small quantity of air entering through the primary air inlet passageway 17, the size of the bore 17 being such that only suflicient air is admitted to form a mechanical mixture of primary air and fuel but insufficient to produce a combustible mixture at this point. This charge of atomized mixture is drawn up through the bore 16 and enters the bore 26 and travels-up either or both'of the bores 27 and 28 depending upon the setting of the valve 29. Assuming that the valve 29 is set to open both passageways 27 and 28, the atomized charge passes up both passageways 27 and 28 and into passageways 5 and 6 respectively and thence into the passageway 36 and into tube 47 and thence into the mixing chamber where it is mixed with a relatively large amount of secondary air being admitted through the tube past the choke valve 44 and valve 45. The now combustible mixture is then delivered through the intake manifold 2 to the engine. "The front wall of the intake manifold opposite the bores -5 and 6 is relatively thin as this wall forms the back side of the bores 5 and 6, the front half being formed by the plate 10. It will now be clear that the vaporized mixture flowing through the passageways 5 and 6 will be heated by passing over this relatively thin hot spot. The baffles S and 9 in the bores :3 and 6 force the mixture to take a circuitous path over the hot spot and also tend to more effectively heat the same An important feature of my invention is the provision of the valve 29 which may be set to direct the flow through both passageways 5 and 6 or to direct the flow through only one of the said passageways, depending upon the temperature of the outside air. The amount of mixture delivered to the engine is the same independent of the setting of the valve 29 but the temperature of the mixture delivered to the mixing chamber is greatly increased when both passageways 5 and 6 are opened due to the fact that the mixture is exposed to the full effect of the hot spot.

The valve 29 may be set at different positlons to vary tl'ietemperature of the incoming mixture, the same volume of mixture being delivered regardless of the setting of the W valve. In this manner .the device may be adjusted for varying conditions oftemperature andpressure without anymaterial change in the adjustment .of-the needle valve .184. It will therefore beclear that the proper quantity 10f combustible mixture-is delivered-ate,

thetengine atallti mes. Fermo'st efficient tiporation it has been found. that the bore 17 should be one-third the size of the secondary inlet or in other words there should be three times as much secondary air admitted to the mixing chamber as there is primary air at mitted'through the bore 17. This ratio, however, may vary with different grades of fuel. When the valve 29 is set so that the atomized mixture can pass only through one here, the mixture is exposed to only one-half of the hot spot although the same volume of mixture is delivered to the mixing chamber and also the same relative amounts of primary and secondary air are delivered. It is intended that only one-half of the hot spot be used when the temperature of the outside air is between 40 and 90 F. but when the temperature of the outside air falls to 420 F. or below, the valve 29 will be set so both bores 27 and 28 will be connected with the bore 26 and the mixture exposed to the full heating effect of the hot spot. The valve 29 may be set at any desired position dependin upon tltlIlOSlDllGl'lC conditions.

In Fig. 7 I have disclosed a slightly modified form of my invention in which the valve 29 is positioned within the bore 36 instead of the bore 26. In other respects the construc tion is identical with the form of the invention disclosed in Figs. 15 inclusive.

It will now be clear that I have provided a carburetor which will accomplish the objects of the invention as hereinbefore stated. Various changes may be made in my construc tion without departing from the spirit of my invention and I wish my invention to be limited only in accordance with the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is 1. In combination with an internal combustion engine having a castmetal exhaust manifold, the front wall of which has a pair of cored passageways extending thereacross, a plate secured to the front of said manifold and forming the front wall of said passage ways, said plate having a depending portion and a mixing device for primary air and volatile fuel secured'thereto said plate having a bore therein connecting said mixing device and said pair of passageways, a mixing chamber connected with said engine and with said pair of passageways and having an inlet for secondary air and valve means journaled in said plate and associated with said passageways for cutting off the flow through one of said passageways without materially varying the speed of the engine whereby to vary the temperature of the mixture delivered to said n'iixing chamber without materially affecting theproportion of primary air and fuel delivered to said mixing chamber.

2. The combination with an internal combustion engine having an intake conduit and an exhaust manifold, said exhaust manifold being formed of cast metal and having a pair of cored passageways extending across the front portion thereof, a plate secured to the front of said manifold and forming the front wall of said passageways, a mixing device for mixing primary air and volatile fuel carried by said plate, said plate having a pair of bores therein connecting said pair of passageways with said mixing device, a mixing chamber connected with said engine and with said pair of passageways and having an inlet for secondary air, a rotary valve journaled in said plate between said pair of bores for cutting off the flow through one of said bores whereby to control the area of the heated surface of the manifold exposed to the mixture and without materially varying the proportion of air and fuel delivered to the mixing chamber.

In combination with an internal combustion engine having an inlet manifold and an exhaust manifold, said exhaust manifold being formed of cast metal and having a pair of cored passageways extending across the front wall thereof, a plate secured to said exhaust manifold and forming the front wall of said passageways, a carburetor carried by said plate for mixing primary air and volatile fuel, said plate having a pair of bores therein connecting said pair of passageways with said carburetor, a rotary valve journaled in said plate and disposed between said pair of bores for cutting off the flow through one of said bores whereby to control the area of the heated surface exposed to the mixture and a mixing chamber connected with said pair of passageways and said inlet manifold and having an inlet for secondary air, said pair of passageways having baffles arranged therein whereby to cause the mixture to take a circuitous course.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto affix my signature.

GEORGE A. EYNON. 

